endemic
When a species evolves in isolation and is found in only one place in the world; it is said to be endemic (particular) to that area.
environmental isolation
This is when the climate changes in one area where an organism lives but not in others.
extinction
Extinction is the permanent loss of all members of a species.
geographical isolation
This is when two populations become physically isolated by geographical features.
speciation
The formation of a new species.
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