Muscle Physiology

Endomysium

A muscle fiber is enclosed in this delicate cconnective tissue sheath

Perimysium

Several sheathed muscle fibers are then wrapped in this

Epimysium

This covers the entire muscle.

Fascia

A bundle of perimysiums

Sarcolemma

The plasma membrane of a muscle cell

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

A specialized smooth endoplasmic reticulum Store calcium and release it on demand.

Myofibril

Bands in a muscle

Sarcomere

Make up Myofibrils

Actin

Contractile protein

Myosin

Contain ATP enzymes that help split ATP.

Twitch

Single, brief, jerky contraction

Incomplete Tetanus

When a muscle is relaxing and contracting at a fast rate, however not fast enough to record no relaxation.

Fused Tetanus

When a muscle is contracting and shows no signs of relaxation

ATP

Used for muscle contractions

Direct phosphorylation

Contains creatine. After ATP is depleted ADP is left. CP transfers energy to ATP to regenerate ATP. CP supplies are exhausted within 20 seconds.

Aerobic Respiration

Series of metabolic paths that happen in the mitochondria. Glucose is broken down to carbon dioxide and water releases energy. Slower reaction that requires continuous oxygen.

Anaerobic Glycosis

Reaction that breaks down glucose without oxygen. Glucose is broken down to pyruvic acide to produce ATP. Pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid. Not efficient, but fast. Glucose is needed